1. a native or inhabitant of Iran

2. literature in metrical form

4. goods or money obtained illegally

5. make an effort or attempt

7. a deliberately false or improbable account

10. a doctorate usually based on at least 3 years graduate study and a dissertation; the highest degree awarded graduate study

11. (Hinduism) an ancient language of India (the language of the Vedas and of Hinduism); an official language of India although it is now used only for religious purposes

3. a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

6. disapproval expressed by pointing out faults or shortcomings

8. a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines

9. the Semitic language of the Arabs; spoken in a variety of dialects

12. studies intended to provide general knowledge and intellectual skills (rather than occupational or professional skills)